RV Glossary

Reviewed by Smart RV Hub Editorial TeamRV Technology Research and ReviewsReviewed

New to RV life? This glossary explains the terms you will meet across solar, rentals, trip planning, and camping.

Each definition links to a guide that goes deeper, so you can learn a word and then act on it.

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Put the trip planning terms to work

RV LIFE Pro turns terms like RV safe routing and boondocking into real trip plans. It routes around low bridges and weight limits while you learn the vocabulary.

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Never Worry About Low Bridges

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Campsite hookup tiers from full hookups to boondockingFour kinds of stay compared by the utilities they provide. Full hookups at RV parks and resorts include water, power, and sewer with 30 amp and 50 amp service. Partial hookups at many private campgrounds include water and power but no sewer. Dry camping is a developed site with no hookups, so you run on onboard tanks. Boondocking is free camping on public land with no hookups at all. Harvest Hosts stays are hookup free, so your RV must be self contained.Campsite hookups, from full to noneThe fewer the hookups, the more your RV must carry on boardWATERPOWERSEWERFull hookupsRV parks and resorts, with 30 or 50 amp power.YesYesYesPartial hookupsMany private campgrounds. No sewer at the site.YesYesNoDry campingA developed site with no hookups at all.NoNoNoBoondockingFree camping on public land, fully off the grid.NoNoNoHarvest Hosts stays are hookup free, so your RV must be self contained.
Many terms below describe how much a campsite provides, from full hookups down to boondocking with none.

63 terms match your search.

Solar and Power

MPPT charge controller

Maximum Power Point Tracking is a type of solar charge controller. It adjusts the incoming voltage to harvest more energy from your panels, which helps most in cold or low light conditions.

Compare MPPT and PWM controllers

PWM charge controller

Pulse Width Modulation is a simpler, lower cost solar charge controller. It works well for small systems where panel voltage stays close to battery voltage.

Compare MPPT and PWM controllers

Solar charge controller

A device that sits between your solar panels and batteries. It regulates the charge so the batteries fill safely without overcharging.

Read the charge controller guide

Lithium battery (LiFePO4)

Lithium iron phosphate is a battery chemistry common in RVs. It is lighter than lead acid, lasts for more charge cycles, and lets you use more of its rated capacity.

See the RV battery guide

AGM battery

Absorbent Glass Mat is a sealed lead acid battery. It costs less up front than lithium but weighs more and offers less usable capacity.

Compare RV battery types

Depth of discharge

How much of a battery's capacity you use before recharging. Lithium batteries tolerate a much deeper discharge than lead acid without harm.

Learn how to size your batteries

State of charge

The current charge level of a battery, shown as a percentage of its full capacity.

See the RV battery guide

Amp hours (Ah)

A measure of battery capacity. It describes how many amps a battery can deliver over one hour.

Size your system with our calculators

Watt hours (Wh)

A measure of energy equal to volts multiplied by amp hours. It lets you compare batteries of different voltages on equal terms.

Size your system with our calculators

Peak sun hours

The number of hours per day when sunlight is strong enough to produce full rated panel output. It varies by location and season.

Read the system sizing guide

Monocrystalline panel

A solar panel made from single crystal silicon. It is more efficient per square foot than polycrystalline, which suits limited RV roof space.

See the best RV solar panels

Inverter

A device that converts battery DC power into the AC power used by household outlets and appliances.

Read the solar power guide

Pure sine wave inverter

An inverter that produces clean AC power similar to the grid. It is safer for sensitive electronics than a modified sine wave unit.

Read the solar power guide

Converter

A device that changes shore power or generator AC into DC. It runs your RV systems and charges the house batteries while you are plugged in.

Read the solar power guide

DC to DC charger

A charger that uses your engine alternator to safely charge the house batteries, including lithium, while you drive.

See the RV battery guide

Shore power

Plugging your RV into an external AC source, such as a campground pedestal or a home outlet.

Read the solar power guide

Series and parallel wiring

Two ways to connect solar panels or batteries. Series raises voltage, parallel raises current, and the choice affects which charge controller you need.

Compare MPPT and PWM controllers

Battery management system (BMS)

An electronic circuit built into most lithium batteries. It monitors cell voltage and temperature and disconnects the battery to prevent damage from overcharging, over discharging, or extreme heat.

Compare the best lithium batteries

Polycrystalline panel

A solar panel with silicon cells made from multiple crystal fragments melted together, which gives a blue speckled look. It generally costs less than a monocrystalline panel but converts sunlight at a slightly lower rate per square foot.

See the best RV solar panels

Modified sine wave inverter

An inverter that converts battery DC power into an approximate AC waveform with visible steps rather than a smooth curve. It costs less than a pure sine wave inverter but can cause humming or poor performance in sensitive electronics.

Read the solar power guide

Solar generator (portable power station)

A unit that combines a battery, inverter, and charge controller in one sealed box. It charges from solar panels, shore power, or a vehicle outlet and needs no separate wiring.

See if RV solar is worth it

Solar suitcase (portable solar panel)

A portable, foldable solar panel set in a hinged case with a stand. You set it up outside the RV and angle it toward the sun, which can harvest more energy than a flat roof mounted panel of the same size.

Compare flexible and rigid solar panels

Battery monitor (shunt)

A display paired with a shunt that measures the current flowing in and out of a battery bank. It shows real time state of charge, voltage, and remaining amp hours so you can track power use.

See the RV battery guide

RV Rentals

Class A motorhome

The largest motorhome, built on a bus or heavy truck chassis. It offers the most living space and usually the highest nightly rental rates.

See RV classes explained

Class B RV (campervan)

A van based camper and the smallest motorized RV. It is easy to drive and park, which makes it popular with solo travelers and couples.

See RV classes explained

Class C motorhome

A mid size motorhome with a cab over bunk, built on a van or truck chassis. It is a popular family rental.

See RV classes explained

Travel trailer

A towable RV that connects to a standard ball hitch. You tow it behind a truck or SUV and unhitch it at camp.

See RV classes explained

Fifth wheel

A large towable RV that connects to a special hitch mounted in the bed of a pickup truck.

See RV classes explained

Peer to peer RV rental

A marketplace model where private RV owners rent their vehicles directly to travelers, similar to home sharing.

Compare rental marketplaces

Delivery RV rental

An option where the owner delivers and sets up the RV at your campsite or destination, so you never have to drive it.

Find an RV rental near you

Mileage cap and mileage fee

A limit on the miles included in a rental. Driving past the limit adds a charge for each extra mile.

See what RV rentals cost

Generator fee

A charge some owners add for generator use, often billed for each hour of run time.

See what RV rentals cost

One way RV rental

A rental you pick up in one city and drop off in another. A drop fee usually applies.

Read the one way rental guide

GVWR

Gross Vehicle Weight Rating is the maximum safe loaded weight of a vehicle, set by the manufacturer. Staying under it keeps you safe and legal.

See RV classes explained

RV rental insurance

Coverage that protects a renter and the vehicle owner against damage, liability, or theft during a rental period. Most peer to peer platforms require proof of insurance or offer a protection plan before a booking is confirmed.

Read the RV rental insurance guide

Roadside assistance

A service that provides help such as towing, tire changes, or jump starts if an RV breaks down during a trip. Many rental bookings include a roadside assistance plan or offer one as an added option.

See first time rental tips

Drop fee

A charge added when a renter returns an RV to a different location than where it was picked up. The fee covers the cost of relocating the vehicle back to its home base.

Learn about one way RV rentals

Security deposit

A refundable amount held by the owner or platform to cover potential damage, excess mileage, or cleaning charges. It is typically returned after the RV is inspected and no issues are found.

Estimate total rental costs

Prep fee

A charge that covers preparing an RV for the next renter, including cleaning, sanitizing tanks, and restocking supplies. It is usually a flat amount added to the total booking price.

See what RV rentals really cost

Tow vehicle

The truck or SUV used to pull a travel trailer or fifth wheel that has no engine of its own. Renters need a tow vehicle with enough towing capacity before booking a towable RV.

Explore the RV rentals guide

Trip Planning and Navigation

RV safe routing

Navigation that plans a route around your RV height, weight, and length to avoid low bridges and restricted roads.

Explore RV LIFE Pro

Low clearance

A bridge, tunnel, or overpass too low for a tall RV to pass under safely. Hitting one is a common and costly mistake.

Read the route planning guide

Trip Wizard

A trip planning tool in RV LIFE Pro for mapping routes, stops, and campgrounds suited to your rig.

Explore RV LIFE Pro

Campground database

A searchable directory of campgrounds and stays with reviews, amenities, and pricing details.

Find a campground

Dump station

A facility where you empty your RV gray and black holding tanks.

Explore RV LIFE Pro

Offline maps

Downloaded maps that work without a cell signal, which is useful in remote areas.

Learn how to use RV LIFE Pro

RV height

The total vertical measurement of a vehicle from the ground to its highest point, including air conditioners and antennas. Knowing this number lets a GPS route around bridges and overpasses that are too low to clear safely.

Explore RV LIFE Pro

Bridge strike

When the roof, air conditioner, or awning of a tall vehicle hits a low bridge, tunnel, or parking structure. These incidents cause costly damage and are largely preventable when a route accounts for actual vehicle height.

Explore RV LIFE Pro

Mountain grade

How steeply a section of road climbs or descends, usually shown as a percentage such as a six percent grade. Steep grades affect towing safety, brake wear, and fuel use, so many RV route planners flag them in advance.

Read the route planning guide

Truck route

A road authorized or recommended for large commercial vehicles because it avoids low bridges, weight limits, or residential streets. Some RV drivers follow truck routes as a rough guide, though dedicated RV safe routing accounts for a wider range of size restrictions.

Learn about RV safe routing

Camping and Stays

Boondocking

Camping in your RV on public land without hookups, usually for free.

Read the boondocking guide

Dry camping

Any stay without water, electric, or sewer hookups, including parking lots and basic campsites.

Read the boondocking guide

Self contained RV

An RV with its own fresh water, holding tanks, and a toilet, so it needs no external hookups for a short overnight stay.

Learn what Harvest Hosts is

Moochdocking

Parking your RV on a friend or family member's property, often using their water or power.

Compare Harvest Hosts and Boondockers Welcome

Dispersed camping

Camping outside developed campgrounds on public land, with no facilities or marked sites.

See free overnight parking options

Overnight RV parking

A single night stay in a parking lot or rest area rather than a campground, where it is allowed.

See free overnight parking options

Membership camping

A model where campers pay an annual or lifetime fee to access a network of private overnight stay locations. Harvest Hosts and similar programs use this model instead of charging a nightly rate at each stop.

Compare top RV membership programs

Host site

The parking spot offered by a business such as a winery, farm, or brewery that welcomes self contained RVs for an overnight stay with no nightly fee through a membership network. Host sites usually have no hookups and limited amenities.

See how Harvest Hosts host sites work

Big rig friendly

A campsite or host location with enough room, clearance, and turning space for large motorhomes and long fifth wheel trailers. Not every membership camping location qualifies as big rig friendly.

Find big rig friendly Harvest Hosts

Snowbird

An RV traveler who follows warm weather seasonally, typically heading south for winter and north for summer. Snowbirds often rely on membership camping networks to fill overnight stops along long seasonal routes.

Read the Harvest Hosts guide for snowbirds

Full hookups

A campsite that provides water, sewer, and electric connections directly at the site. Harvest Hosts locations typically do not offer full hookups, which is why self contained capability matters for members.

See why self containment matters

Fresh water tank

The onboard reservoir that stores clean water for drinking, cooking, and washing while an RV is away from hookups. Tank capacity is a key factor in how long an RV can stay self contained at a host location.

Check self contained requirements

Full time RVing

Living in an RV as a primary residence rather than using it for occasional trips. Full time RVers often weigh membership camping costs against traditional campground fees over a full year of travel.

See if Harvest Hosts is worth it for full timers

Smart RV Hub Editorial Team

RV Technology Research and Reviews

Our writers research smart RV technology full time, covering solar power, connectivity, security, and power management.

Every guide draws on published manufacturer specifications and verified owner reviews, so you can compare options with confidence.

Meet the editorial team and our review standards

Ready to put these terms to use?

These guides and tools turn the words above into decisions, based on published specs and verified user reviews.

Build an RV solar setup

Match panels, batteries, and a controller to your rig, then size it with our calculators.

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Power Your Adventures Anywhere

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Plan an RV safe route

RV LIFE Pro routes around low bridges and weight limits and finds campgrounds along the way.

✓ Know costs before you go

Never Worry About Low Bridges

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Rent an RV before you buy

Try a class before committing. Outdoorsy lists campervans, trailers, and motorhomes across all 50 states.

Test RV Life Before Buying

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Stay at wineries and farms

Harvest Hosts connects self contained RVers with host businesses for scenic overnight stays.

Camp at Unique Locations

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